The word quantum is associated with these three types of nanostructures because the changes in properties arise from the quantum mechanical nature of physics in the domain of the ultra-small figure 2 show the different

Quantum theory grew out based on experiments and radical theoretical proposals that were not based on accepted classical physics. In this new approach emerge nanostructures such as quantum wells, wires and dots in which electrons or holes are confined to an ultra-small region. The application of this nanostructures are still mostly confined to research laboratories, but they are remarkable and often rely on the fact that quantum structures give access to the quantum mechanical degrees of freedom of only a few carriers. The purpose of this document introduce the basic theory in quantum nanostructures, it preparation and some applications that will revolutionize our lives in a near future.